新阿联酋国家博物馆, 阿布扎比 | Foster + Partners

Located at the heart of the Saadiyat Cultural District in Abu Dhabi, the new national museum of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) traces the history of the Emirates, from the earliest evidence of human habitation to the civilisations that shaped its culture and identity, rooted in the values of the UAE’s Founding Father, the late Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan. The building’s form addresses the challenge of sustaining life in a desert environment and the strong cultural traditions of the UAE.

这座位于阿布扎比萨迪亚特文化区中心的全新阿联酋国家博物馆，追溯了阿联酋的历史，从最早的人类居住痕迹到塑造其文化和身份认同的文明，其根基在于阿联酋国父——已故的谢赫·扎耶德·本·苏丹·阿勒纳哈扬的价值观。博物馆的建筑造型旨在应对沙漠环境中的生存挑战，并体现阿联酋深厚的文化传统。

The museum’s five lightweight steel wings are part of the system of natural ventilation. Air vents open at the top of the towers, taking advantage of the negative pressure on the lee-side of the profile to draw hot air out from the atrium, assisted by the thermal effect of the heat build-up on the tips of the wings. Air that has been naturally cooled through pipes buried deep below the desert floor then flows into the atrium through a low-level ventilation system. The wings are glazed to channel natural light into the galleries below, and each one is individually tuneable.  

博物馆的五座轻型钢结构翼楼是自然通风系统的一部分。通风口位于塔楼顶部，利用建筑背风侧的负压将中庭的热空气排出，翼楼顶端的热量积聚也起到辅助作用。经过埋设在沙漠深处的管道自然冷却的空气，再通过低位通风系统流入中庭。博物馆的翼楼采用玻璃幕墙，将自然光引入下方的展厅，每个翼楼的光线均可单独调节。

The museum spaces are located within a mound, which has textured faceted panels that are an abstraction of the UAE’s topography. The mound insulates the interior spaces from solar gain, forming a protective shield that prevents heat from entering the building. When visitors step inside the museum, they enter the light-filled atrium, or Al Liwan, which serves as both a meeting and orientation space, hosting performances such as traditional dance and poetry.

博物馆空间位于一个土丘之中，土丘由纹理丰富的多面面板构成，抽象地展现了阿联酋的地形地貌。土丘隔绝了太阳辐射，形成一道保护屏障，防止热量进入建筑内部。参观者步入博物馆，首先映入眼帘的是光线充足的中庭——“Al Liwan”，这里既是会面和导览空间，也是传统舞蹈和诗歌朗诵等表演的举办地。

Of the six permanent galleries, four pod-shaped galleries are suspended above Al Liwan, and provide controlled environments to protect the sensitive artefacts on display. The towers’ triple-laminated glazing moderates the amount of daylight entering the lobby and the gallery spaces. The glazing includes a dense mesh interlayer, and each pod has a rooflight made of electrochromic glass that changes its transparency in response to outside light levels.

六个常设展厅中，有四个吊舱状展厅悬于“Al Liwan”之上，为展出的珍贵文物提供可控的展示环境。塔楼的三层夹胶玻璃能够调节进入大厅和展厅的日光量。这种玻璃包含一层高密度网状夹层，每个吊舱都设有一个由电致变色玻璃制成的天窗，其透明度会根据外部光线强度而变化。

Each of the pod-shaped galleries is curated to reflect a specific theme, while the connecting nodal spaces provide contextual information that tie them together. Visitors can choose their own route through the different galleries and make their way to the upper level via a sculptural spiral staircase or lifts. At ground level, there are also two more permanent gallery spaces that are near to the museum’s entrances, as well as a temporary exhibition space, a fine dining restaurant, and a cafe.

每个豆荚状展厅都围绕一个特定主题进行策展，而连接各个展厅的枢纽空间则提供背景信息，将它们串联起来。参观者可以自由选择参观路线，并通过雕塑般的螺旋楼梯或电梯前往上层。在地面层，靠近博物馆入口处还有两个常设展厅，以及一个临时展览空间、一家高级餐厅和一家咖啡馆。

Outside the museum building, Sheikh Zayed’s love of nature is represented by the Al Masar Garden, which links the building to the coast. Integrating landscape and heritage, the garden is intended as a new community asset, with spaces for socialising, play, and reflection. Visitors are also invited to take a shaded route from ground level to a viewing platform at the top of the mound, at the base of the steel towers, which offers panoramic views of the surrounding area.

博物馆建筑外，谢赫·扎耶德对自然的热爱体现在阿尔马萨尔花园中，该花园将建筑与海岸线连接起来。花园融合了景观和历史遗迹，旨在成为新的社区资源，提供社交、娱乐和沉思的空间。参观者还可以沿着一条绿荫小径，从地面层登上位于钢塔底部的土丘顶部的观景台，欣赏周围地区的全景。

Materials have been carefully selected to resonate with the local surroundings and mirror historic buildings across the seven Emirates, which reflect the changing colour of the sand in different locations. Building on this tradition, both the museum’s exterior and its interior spaces mirror the distinctive warm-white shade of sand that is found on Saadiyat Island.

博物馆选用的材料经过精心挑选，旨在与当地环境相呼应，并与七个酋长国的历史建筑遥相呼应，这些建筑的颜色会随着不同地点沙子的颜色而变化。秉承这一传统，博物馆的外部和内部空间都采用了萨迪亚特岛特有的暖白色沙子。

Client: Department of Culture and Tourism

Area: 56,687 m2

Quantity Surveyor: RLB

Structural Engineer: AKT/WSP Group

Landscape Architect: WATG Landscape

Lighting Engineer: Claude Engle

Collaborating Architect: WSP Group

SEE MORE (来自)  Foster + Partners